|
|
|
|
Vol 1 No 1 1987 A Perspective on Music Therapy Research in Great Britain p3 - p6 Leslie Bunt and Sarah Hoskyns Abstract Researching and writing about music therapy has evolved from an early anecdotal stage through a period of rigorous behavioural research - particularly in the United States - to the present position where many directions could be followed. Outcome research can contribute to the profession's external validity and research into music therapy processes to increased internal validity. This paper argues for a synthesis of these two approaches, implying an integration of quantitative and qualitative analysis. Links with other disciplines are explored but in relation to the development of a coherent individual theory of music therapy. The Music Therapy Interactions of One Session with a Physically Disabled Boy p7 - p12 Pamela Steele and Kate Leese Abstract This paper looks in detail at the events of one individual music therapy session with a physically disabled boy aged seven years. In the context of his case history and his music therapy sessions up to that point, it describes the content and quality of therapist/child musical contact as it changes over the three sections of the session. Musical notation illustrates key passages. Aspects of the development of the physically disabled child are considered and related to the vision the child gives to the music therapist of his predicament. Musical events are conceived of as expressing and as having potential for resolving the child's difficulties in relating to a key figure, and to the environment they share. In Search of the Face - An Approach to Mental Handicap p13 - p15 Stephanie Zallik Abstract The article puts forward a case for using music therapy with handicapped people in a way which allows the to overcome the difficulties they have in expressing their needs. The idea of therapy with the mentally ill being more profound in nature than with the mentally handicapped, is discusses and argued against. The article pursues this theme by considering the relationship between what a handicapped person first presents in the therapy session and what is beneath. The aim of music therapy is therefore to reach those aspects lying beneath the surface. A brief case study is given in order to further illustrate these ideas. Toward Group Analytic Music Therapy p16 - p21 John Woodcock Abstract Verbal material is inevitably encountered in adult psychiatry. This paper describes and discusses an approach to music therapy which admits of this, seeks to understand its significance and to use it in the service of therapy. The origins of the approach are considered and elements of theory and technique derived from group analysis and psychotherapy and their application are described and discussed. The therapist's verbal and musical role is considered in the light of this and conclusions are drawn as to the advantages and insights gained by the adoption of the approach. Reflections on the Pre-Musical Moment p22 - 24 Mercédès Pavlicevic Abstract Patients in hospitals frequently have little choice about attending music therapy sessions. This, in addition to the novelty of music therapy as a treatment, may make both patient and therapist uncomfortable. the patient is unsure as to what to expect, and the music therapist uncertain as to how much to say - or leave unsaid. This article draws on the author's experience as a music therapist in a small adult psychiatric hospital. It is an attempt at examining the pre-musical moment at the time when both the patient and the music therapist are engaged in sharing their expectations and anxieties, and in negotiating a resolution before the musical-therapeutic process can begin. A Music Therapy Approach, evoking Spontaneous Movement from people with Dual-Sensory Impairment p25 - p27 Louise Ridley No abstract
Vol 1 No 2 1987 Measurement Problems in Applied Music Therapy Research p6 - p10 Malcolm Abrahams Abstract This paper concentrates on so-called 'applied research' - that is the primary interest is in evaluating the effects of music therapy on our clients. The discussion is not about research on theoretical issues and processes of music therapy - although clearly these are important - but more concerned with the 'naive' question, 'Does it work?' The aim is to provide a brief conceptual analysis of what we mean by this question and look at some of the problems that are encountered in trying to answer it. In particular the focus is on some of the problems of measuring response to music therapy. This will be examined in the context of questions of experimental design, although clearly not all aspects of designing and interpreting experiments can be covered in one paper. Especial consideration will be given to how failure to solve some of the measurement problems can invalidate the conclusions drawn from experiments. Stereotypic Movements and Music Therapy p11 - p16 Martin Schulz Abstract Three main objectives are pursued with this study. The first is to summarise some current ideas about the origin and nature of stereotypic movements. The second is to present some music-therapeutic approaches to the phenomenon: different examples with a behaviouristic background are given; an educational approach is touched on; and Nordoff-Robbins' work is represented with a practical example. Thirdly, I discuss a case from my personal experience. My practical experience with stereotypies in music therapy was at the time of writing limited to one child. I am grateful to her for encouraging me to take some steps into a world that is, at first sight, quite bizarre and not very attractive, but one that holds some valuable possibilities for music therapeutic work. The Influence of Jung's Psychology on the Therapeutic Use of Music p17 - p21 Dorinda Hawk Hitchcock Abstract This paper explores the work of two innovative music therapists and the way in which their individual approaches relate to the theories of C.F.Jung. Firstly, the author describes how Margaret Tilly, a concert pianist, once gave Jung a session of passive music therapy explaining that she begins to play composed music in rapport with the patient's dominant function, and gradually evokes the inferior function's qualities also using the 'masculine' and 'feminine' aspects of music. This convinced the otherwise sceptical Jung that 'from now on music should be an essential part of every analysis'. Secondly , she examines Mary Priestley's work in which the patient improvises with the therapist to make contact with feelings and unconscious material: e.g. in dreams. The author speaks from direct experience of her analytical music therapy intertherapy training with Priestley. She quotes several passages from Jung's work to explain how this therapy accords with the need to contact the image behind the emotions, and to accept the ethical obligation presented by the dreams and the need to make concrete the experiences. She finishes with a call to musicians and therapists to be 'more aware of the creative power of music to make us whole'. Music Therapy in a General Hospital's Psychiatric Unit - a 'pilot' evaluation of an eight week programme p 22 - p27 Leslie Bunt, David Pike and Vanessa Wren Abstract Within Great Britain music therapy is developing a presence in the field of mental health. There is a history of work within the large institutions and there are present moves to develop more work in community based day hospitals and units. This paper charts the setting-up of short period of eight sessions for a group attending a unit based within a general hospital. Positive results from a simple evaluation from both clients and staff point to the need for further studies to be set up when more detailed questions can be addressed. The Role of the Music Therapist in Special Education p28 - 31 John Strange Abstract In a school for children with severe learning difficulties, a full time music therapist may be asked to perform general educational, pastoral and administrative duties. This article examines the impact of these additional responsibilities on therapeutic work, and discusses some possible objections to stepping outside the strictly therapeutic role. The author then outlines ways in which he has found that a wider involvement in the work of the school can enhance the therapist's effectiveness. He concludes that these advantages outweigh the supposed disadvantages. Book Reviews p32 Music Therapy for the Developmentally Disabled by Edith Hillman Boxhill/Reviewed by Amelia Oldfield Music and Health edited by Even Ruud/Reviewed by Tony Wigram |